Although there are pest problems that may require the use of a broad-spectrum pesticide, it is the philosophy of IPM practitioners to consider more selective materials first. A number of selective products are available, including horticultural oils, insecticidal soaps, and botanically derived pesticides, such as neem seed extracts, pyrethrum, and rotenone. Remember, pest vulnerability to these or any material depends on life stage and exposure. For materials to be effective, we must accurately assess the "window of opportunity" and time our applications accordingly. The University of Maryland's landscape IPM project reduced pesticide use more than 90%, mainly by proper timing and targeted application (spot treatments).

If a pesticide application does become necessary, a number of questions need to be asked. Do I have the right equipment? Where on the plant is the pest feeding? Spider mites, for example, feed largely on the undersides of leaves, so the product must reach this location. How many applications are needed to break the pest's life cycle? Have I chosen the right product? Is it wholly effective? If any of these questions are ignored, your efforts may result in failure.

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